Central chromatolysis is a condition seen in neurons with axonal reaction.

Lets look at the details now.

1. Axonal reaction is a change observed in the cell body during regeneration of the axon; it is best seen in anterior horn cells of the spinal cord when motor axons are cut or seriously damaged.
2. The increase in protein synthesis that occurs in response to the injury is reflected in enlargement and rounding up of the cell body, peripheral displacement of the nucleus, enlargement of the nucleolus, and dispersion of Nissl substance from the center to the periphery of the cell (central chromatolysis).

Below is a pictorial difference between normal neurons and neurons with axonal reaction.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. Axonal reaction is visible in which of the which of the following regions of the central nervous system?

A. Posterior horn cells of the spinal cord

B. Anterior horn cells of the spinal cord

C. Cerebral cortex

D. Cerebellum

2. Dispersion of nissil substance to the periphery of a neuron is characteristic of which of the following?

A. Axonal reaction

B. Wallerian degeneration

C. Neuronal degeneration

D. Red neurons.