A 56-year-old female presents with a history of progressive headaches, visual disturbances, and occasional seizures over the past six months. MRI reveals a well-circumscribed, dural-based mass in the left frontal lobe, compressing the adjacent brain tissue but not invading it. The mass is resected, and histopathological examination reveals whorled patterns of cells with psammoma bodies, low mitotic activity (1 per 10 high-power fields), and no brain invasion (see image). Immunohistochemistry shows positive staining for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), somatostatin receptor 2A (SSTR2A), and progesterone receptor (PR).

A 42-year-old male with a history of radiation therapy for a childhood brain tumor presents with new-onset focal neurological deficits. MRI shows a large, irregular, and enhancing mass in the parasagittal region, with evidence of brain invasion. Surgical resection is performed. Histopathology reveals a high mitotic rate (22 per 10 high-power fields), areas of necrosis, and sheeting architecture. Immunohistochemistry shows overexpression of p53 and a high Ki-67 index (>30%). Molecular testing reveals a TERT promoter mutation and NF2 gene deletion.

A 34-year-old female presents with bilateral vestibular schwannomas causing progressive hearing loss and balance difficulties. MRI also reveals multiple meningiomas along the falx cerebri. Her family history is significant for similar tumors in her father.