Useful for Pathology residents preparing for, NEET-SS/ DM- Oncopathology/ DM Histopathogy, Nephropathology Fellowships, FRCPath- Histopathology, American Board of anatomic and clinical pathology.
Tag: NEET-SS Oncopathology
Gastrointestinal pathology MCQs
Central nervous system tumors pathology mcq pdf
Central nervous system tumors pathology mcq pdf with answers – Useful for NEET-SS Oncopathology, DM Histopathology, NIMHANS- Neuropathology fellowships and FRCPath-Histopathology.
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Renal pathology quiz
Renal pathology quiz on 18/06/21
Useful for Pathology residents preparing for, NEET-SS/ DM- Oncopathology/ DM Histopathogy, Nephropathology Fellowships, FRCPath- Histopathology, American Board of anatomic and clinical pathology.
QUIZ will be live on 18/6/20
Meanwhile you may solve the quizzes below.
Difference between PSTT ( Placental site trophoblastic tumor) and Choriocarcinoma- Vascular invasion
Tips to study for NEET-SS Oncopathology
NEET-SS Oncopathology is an entrance examination conducted once every year in AUGUST -SEPTEMBER
Anyone aspiring to become an Oncopathologist in India is supposed to clear the exam after completion of the primary degree(MD/DNB).
Every year thousands of aspirants attempt the examination. However, there are merely 13 seats for the said course. The competition is high, ever increasing for NEET-SS Oncopathology.
“Proper planning and the right resources will definitely get you through”
Here is a step wise approach to study for NEET-SS Oncopathology.
- Read Robbins pathologic basis of disease thoroughly- cover to cover.
- Read histotechniques, grossing and staining and revise them from your MD notes
- Here are a few very important topics to cover. Choose either Rosai Ackerman or Sternberg to cover these topics based on your comfort. *Gastrointestinal pathology. *Male and female genital. *Salivary gland *Breast and *Thyroid.
- WHO updates and recent classifications as well as TNM staging.
- Revise and you are good to go.
“So many things are possible, just as long as you don’t know they are impossible.”
–Norton Juster
You may join this telegram channel for daily topic wise Mcqs for DM oncopathology- Pathology mcqs
For weekly multiple choice questions based on the pattern of NEET-SS oncopathology. You my check this site- HOME – Pathology for all
Join the Facebook page for daily questions- Pathology mcq
Hope you found this useful.
Conditions associated with DICER- 1 syndrome
DICER-1 SYNDROME IS A Rare Autosomal Dominant cancer syndrome Caused by inactivating germline mutations in genes encoding DICER-1. It is an RNase involved in the generation of mature miRNA.
CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH DICER-1 SYNDROME.
1. PLEUROPULMONARY BLASTOMA:
- Type I tumors are cyst -like tumors in the lung. They are most common in children aged 2 years and younger and have a good chance of recovery. …
- Type II tumors are cyst-like with some solid parts. These tumors sometimes spread to the brain or other parts of the body.
- Type III tumors are solid tumors
2. OVARIAN SERTOLI- LEYDIG CELL TUMOR:
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT) is a rare cancer of the ovaries. The cancer cells produce and release a male sex hormone called testosterone. The exact cause of this tumor is not known
3. CYSTIC NEPHROMA OF KIDNEY:
Cystic nephroma is a rare kidney neoplasm belonging to the entity of cystic tumours. It is a slow-growing tumour, which develops insidiously, sometimes reaching a considerable size. The diagnosis is more often accidental (except for mass syndrome in children). It is a benign tumour that may be treated by partial sparing nephrectomy
4.MULTINODULAR GOITRE:
Multinodular Goiter (MNG) is defined as the special condition of thyroid glands, where there are multiple lumps (nodules) formed.
5. PITUTARY TUMOR:
Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths that develop in your pituitary gland. Some pituitary tumors result in too much of the hormones that regulate important functions of your body. Some pituitary tumors can cause your pituitary gland to produce lower levels of hormones.
6. OCULAR MEDULLOBLASTOMA:
Medulloblastoma is the commonest childhood malignant central nervous system tumour. It occurs in the midline of the cerebellum
7. EMBRYONAL RHABDOMYOSARCMA:
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) ERMS usually affects children in their first 5 years of life, but it can occur at older ages as well. ERMS tends to occur in the head and neck area, bladder, vagina, or in or around the prostate and testicles.
8.PINEALOBLASTOMA:
Pineoblastoma is more aggressive than other types of pineal gland tumors. Its fast growth usually causes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to build up in the brain. This condition is called hydrocephalus. While pineoblastoma may spread through the CSF in 10% to 20% of cases, most of the time the tumors do not spread to other parts of the body.
Click below for a quick summary
VITAL, SUPRAVITAL AND INTRAVITAL STAINING
Vital, supravital and intravital staining are three different types of staining techniques. However, vital and supravital terms are often used interchangeably.
Let’s look at some of the major differences in staining between the three and why these terms shouldn’t be used interchangeably.
1. VITAL STAINING
1.Contrary to the name, vital stains are taken up by dead cells and not by living cells.
2. Demonstration of nuclear staining using a vital stain signifies cells death, because living cells are impermeable to the stain.
3. Example: Tryptan blue and propiodine iodine
VITAL STAINS ATE TOO BULKY OR TOO CHARGED THEY CANNOT ENTER LIVE CELLS- Hence only stain dead cells.
2. SUPRAVITAL STAINS
1. Supravital staining is a method of staining used in microscopy to examine living cells that have been removed from an organism.
2. Those that enter and stain living cells are called supravital stains
3. Examples New Methylene Blue and Brilliant Cresyl Blue for reticulocyte staining.
3. INTRAVITAL STAIN
1. Intravital staining of living cells is done by injecting the dye into any part of the animal body (either intravenous, intraperitoneal or subcutaneous), producing specific coloration of certain cells, particularly those of the reticulo-endothelial system.
2. Common dyes used are lithium, carmine and India ink.
There you go!! Hope the confusion is cleared.
For multiple choice questions on staining
Check below for a quick summary.
Molecular pathogenesis of ovarian epithelial tumors.
Molecular progression of serous ovarian tumor. Borderline low and high grade
1.Molecular progression of low grade ovarian serous tumors.
There is data to suggest progression from serous cystadenoma / cystadenofibroma with BRAF / KRAS mutations → SBT (serous borderline tumor) → LGSC (Low grade serous carcinoma) ; however, this is still controversial
2. Molecular progression of high grade serous ovarian tumors.
TP53 alterations in nearly all cases of high grade serous carcinoma
Germline, somatic or promoter hypermethylation (inactivation) of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in ~50% of cases
Some gastrointestinal pathogens and their differentiating features.
Gastrointestinal pathogens are very common in routine practice. It takes experience and keen observation to differentiate gastrointestinal pathogens from one another. In case of confusion, go with your ‘GUT’ feeling.
Lets look at a few differentiating features of Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora belli.
- GIARDIA LAMBLIA:
Pear shaped trophozoites with 2 ovoid nuclei, present in the luminal surface. They are 10-15 microns in length and 5-9 microns in width.
GIARDIA IS SEEN IN THE LUMINAL SURFACE
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM IS SEEN ATTACHED TO ENTEROCYTES LIKE SMALL BEADS.
2. CRYPTOSOPORIDIUM PARVUM
In tissue biopsies, 2 – 5 μm basophilic round bodies are seen protruding from the apex of enterocytes (“blue beads”) within the cell membrane. Parasites bulge out of apex of epithelial cells
ISOSPORA IS LARGEST AMONG THE THREE. IN CONTRAST TO GIARDIA AND CRYPTOSPORIDIUM – ISOSPORA DOES NOT HAVE AN APICAL LOCATION, INSTEAD LOCATED IN THE TIP OF VILLI.
3. ISOSPORA BELLI
Oocysts are generally ovoid to ellipsoid in shape, range from 10-40µm in length by 10-30µm in width. Cysts are present in PARASITO-
PHOROUS VACUOLE. Does not have an apical location.
Look below for a quick summary